Ecotourism, National Identity, and Environmental Education in Venezuela: A Documentary Analysis of “Tierra de Gracia”

Abstract

This qualitative study explores how Venezuela’s historical narrative as a “Land of Grace” can serve as an anchor for ecotourism programs aimed at fostering environmental education among youth. Through thematic analysis of twenty-one documents—including the book Venezuela: Identidad y contexto. Aventura en «Tierra de Gracia», nineteenth-century chronicles, and national policies on sustainable tourism—three key themes were identified: (a) symbolic landscapes strengthen a sense of belonging that facilitates the adoption of ecological values; (b) field experiences promoted through ecotourism enhance meaningful learning and ecological literacy; and (c) tensions between conservation and extractivism shape young people’s attitudes toward sustainability. The study argues that incorporating ecotourism excursions into the secondary school curriculum—through partnerships with Indigenous communities and local guides—can foster environmental stewardship and reinforce national identity. Implications for instructional design and public policy recommendations are discussed.